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A distribution is the hand-over of commodities to intended beneficiaries, fairly and according to specified rations, selection criteria and priorities. A distribution is the process during which control over the commodity passes from the organisation holding the stock to the intended beneficiary[1].
The objective of every distribution is to mitigate the impact on individuals after or during a crisis by providing the means to preserve their health and ensure their welfare, safety and dignity.
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Shelter
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Bedding equipment |
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Kitchen utensils |
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Hygiene material |
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Clothes |
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Heating and lighting equipment |
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| How many days for preparation and delivering the supplies to the distribution site? | What’s the transportation time between the main warehouse and the field location? | How long does it take to source the item? Are they available in the market? |
If a distribution is intended on the day D, logistics should trigger the reception at: D – (2days) – (5days) – (15days) = 22 days in advance |
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- Distribution times are safe for beneficiaries to travel to the distribution point and return home without exposure to further risk of harm.
- Physical location of the distribution can be easily and safely accessed, particularly against the risk or threat of gender-based violence and attacks from armed groups.
- Commodities distributions are designed to be respectful and inclusive of cultural and religious practice.
- Commodities distribution methodology are designed to preserve safety and dignity.
- Options for home delivery of shelter materials/NFIs for vulnerable persons (e.g., persons with disabilities who cannot access the distribution point, elderly, child-headed households, etc.) or systems by which representatives can collect assistance packages on their behalf.
- Commodities are packaged in a way that avoids injury or strain to beneficiaries. Distributed items should not be of excessive size or weight, and should be easy to manage for elderly or persons with disabilities.
- The provision of additional NFIs essential for personal hygiene, dignity and well-being, including sanitary materials for women and girls are consistent with cultural and religious traditions.
- Complaints mechanisms and monitoring are integral to the distribution plans.
Sites and Resources
- Sphere Project, Handbook (2018)
- Universal Logistics Standards (ULS) Handbook
- UNHCR Commodity Distribution Guide
- The Cash Learning Partnership
- PARCEL Project
- Humanitarian Logistics Association
- Core Humanitarian Standards
References
- [1] Source: Commodity Distribution, a practical guide: Division of Operational Support; 1997, UNHCR.
- SHELTER CLUSTER, (2017). Guidelines for the distribution of Shelter/NFI kits
- OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE, (1995) General Food Distribution in Emergencies. Susanne Jaspars and Helen Young.
- NORWEGIAN REFUGEE COUNCIL. Camp Management Tool Kit. Food distribution and Non-Food Items.
- MEDICINS SANS FRONTIERS, (2009). Pocket Guide NFI Distribution.
- OXFAM, (2008). NFI Distribution.
- IASC, (2006). Gender and NFI in Emergencies.
- WFP, (2013). Food Assistance with Safety and Dignity.
- WFP, (2002). Emergency Field Operations Pocketbook.
- UNHCR, (1997). Commodity distribution, a practical guide.
- UNHCR and WFP, (2011). Memorandum of understanding
- UNHCR (2020) Guidelines for Reducing Protection Risks in in-kind Distributions.
Sites and Resources
- Sphere Project, Handbook (2018)
- https://handbook.ul-standards.org/en/humlog/#sec001
- UNHCR Commodity Distribution Guide
- https://www.calpnetwork.org
- https://parcelproject.org/resources/logistics-standards/distribution/
- https://www.humanitarianlogistics.org
- https://corehumanitarianstandard.org
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